Winsor & Newton Promarker Watercolor Marker - Yellow Ochre

Pigment Information

This color contains the following pigments:

PR179-Perylene Maroon

PY42-Yellow Iron Oxide

PY83-Diarylide Yellow 83

Pigment Name

PR179-Perylene Maroon

Pigment Type

organic, anthraquinone

Chemical Formula

C26H14N2O4

Properties

Perylene Maroon is a transparent, dull to moderately dull, deep red pigment. Its transparency makes it useful as a glazing color.  Its mixing complement is Phthalo Green, and together they produce a pure black that is darker than most carbon-based pigments.

Permanence

Perylene Maroon has excellent permanence and lightfastness, and it can be an appropriate replacement for Anthraquinone Red in watercolor form.

History

Perylenes have been used as vat dyes since 1912, but they were not manufactured and sold as pigments until 1957.

Pigment Name

PY42-Yellow Iron Oxide

Chemical Name

iron(III)-oxide, hydrated

Chemical Formula

Fe2O3 • H2O

Properties

Yellow Ochre provides artists with earthtones from cream to brown. It has good hiding power, produces a quick drying paint, and can be safely mixed with other pigments. Its transparency varies widely from opaque shades to more transparent ones, which are valued for their use as glazes. If gypsum is present, Yellow Ochre is not suitable for frescoing. (See Brown Ochre, PY43.) PY42 is made from synthetic iron oxides. PY43 is made from natural iron oxide.

Permanence

Yellow Ochre has excellent permanence because ochres are some of the most permanent pigments available.

History

Ochre comes from the Greek word ochros, meaning pale yellow. It was one of the first pigments to be used by human beings, and evidence of its use has been found at 300,000 year old sites in France and the former Czechoslovakia.

Pigment Name

PY83-Diarylide Yellow 83

Pigment Type

organic, disazo

Chemical Formula

C36H32Cl4N6O8

Properties

Diarylide Yellow is a semi-opaque, moderately staining, intense deep reddish yellow pigment with good tinting strength.

Permanence

Diarylide Yellow 83 has very good lightfastness and permanence. However, it can fade in tints, so some artists do not consider it suitable as an artists' color. Many other diarylide yellow pigments are reported to have fair to poor lightfastness, and some are completely fugitive. Diarylide Yellow 83 is reputed to be one of the most permanent of the entire group.

History

Diarylide Yellow comes from a family of azo pigments called Diarylide. These yellow hued pigments were developed around 1940 and are very important in printing inks.