Yarka St. Petersburg Professional Watercolor - Refill, Vermilion (Hue), Pans

This color contains the following pigments:

Hansa Yellow G

Permanent Red

Pigment Name

Hansa Yellow G

Pigment Type

organic, monoazo

Chemical Formula

C17H16N4O4

Properties

This Hansa yellow is a transparent yellow. It has great brightness and tinting strength and its drying time ranges from average to slow. Hansa Yellow makes more intense tints and cleaner secondaries than Cadmium Yellows, especially when mixed with other organic or modern colors like Phthalo Blue and Green. Because they are more transparent, they have great value as glazing colors.

Permanence

Hansa Yellow G has good permanence and lightfastness, particularly in the lighter shades.

Toxicity

Hansa Yellow pigments have no significant acute hazards, though chronic hazards have not been well studied.

History

Hansa Yellows were first made in Germany just before World War I from a series of synthetic dyestuffs called Pigment Yellow. Hansa Yellow G, introduced in 1910, was the first of these products to be commercialized. Hansa Yellow G was the standard yellow for printing inks until late in the 20th century, when stronger diarylide yellows began to replace it. It is still used a great deal in packaging, and for air drying paints.

Pigment Name

Permanent Red

Pigment Type

organic, monoazo

Chemical Formula

Properties

Pigment PR4 is an opaque, bright yellowish red pigment with high tinting strength.

Permanence

Pigment PR4 has good lightfastness, but newer red pigments are considered more permanent and reliable.

Toxicity

Known also as D&C Red No 36, PR4 is used in cosmetic products such as lipsticks. It has been tested for carcinogenic and mutagenic effects in laboratory rats.

History

Because it is inexpensive and has a long history of use in cosmetic products, Permanent Red PR4 is widely used in artist materials where safety is more important than archival preservation, as in children's art materials.