Color Swatch created using heavy to light application and was applied on 100 lb (163 gsm) drawing paper material.
This color contains the following pigments:
PB29—Ultramarine [Blue]
Pigment Type
inorganic
Chemical Name
complex silicate of sodium and aluminum with sulfur
Chemical Formula
Na8-10Al6Si6O24S2-4 or Na6-8Al6Si6O24S2-4
Properties
Ultramarine is the standard warm blue, a brilliant blue pigment that has the most purple and least green in its undertone. It has a moderate to high tinting strength and a beautiful transparency. Synthetic Ultramarine is not as vivid a blue as natural Ultramarine. Ultramarine dries slowly in oil and tends to produce clean, though granular, washes in watercolor. French Ultramarine mixes well with Alizarin colors in oil and watercolor form to create a range of purples and violets. It can dull when mixed with white in acrylic form, but mixes well with other colors. The shade varies based on manufacturer. Considered a great color for glazes, it is not suitable for frescoing.
Permanence
Ultramarine has excellent permanence, although synthetic Ultramarine is not as permanent as natural Ultramarine. It may discolor if exposed to acid because of its sulfuric content.
Toxicity
Ultramarine has no significant hazards.
History
The name for this pigment comes from the Middle Latin ultra, meaning beyond, and mare, meaning sea, because it was imported from Asia to Europe by sea. It is a prominent component of lapis lazuli and was used on Asian temples starting in the 6th century. It was one of the most expensive pigments in 16th century Europe, worth twice its weight in gold, and so was used sparingly and when commissions were larger. Ultramarine is currently imitated by a process invented in France in 1826 by Jean Baptiste Guimet, making blue affordable to artists and extending the range of colors on their palettes.
Alternate Names
Artificial Ultramarine, French Blue, French Ultramarine, Gmelin's Blue, Guimet’s Blue, Permanent Blue, Royal Blue, Synthetic Ultramarine. New Blue describes particular shades of Ultramarine. Armenian Blue and Lazuline Blue are names for genuine Lapiz Ultramarine. Sky Blue is a pale tone of Ultramarine.
PB1—Victoria Blue
Pigment Type
organic
Chemical Name
n/a
Chemical Formula
n/a
Properties
Victoria Blue is a brilliant, transparent reddish blue dye, which can be laked as a pigment. Because its tinting power is not so overwhelming as that of Phthalo Blue pigments, it still has a place on the designer's palette, even though Phthalo Blue (Red Shade) might be considered superior in many respects.
Permanence
Victoria Blue is considered fugitive. It should be used primarily in works that are prepared for reproduction, not for permanent display, when there is a need for a transparent blue pigment with less tinting power than Phthalo Blue.
Toxicity
Victoria Blue is not considered toxic.
History
Victoria Blue, one of the oldest synthetic blue dyes, is used in papers, inks, and textile dyes. Although much more reddish in tone, it was an early synthetic replacement for indigo dyes from natural sources at a time when blue was still in great demand in textiles.
Alternate Names
Fast Royal Blue Lake, Victoria Pure Blue B, Cascade Blue, Royal Blue Lake.
