Color Swatch created using heavy application/diluted application and was applied on cold press watercolor paper (150 lb) material.
This color contains the following pigments:
PB15:3—Phthalo Blue
Pigment Type
organic
Chemical Name
beta copper phthalocyanine
Chemical Formula
C32H16CuN8
Properties
Phthalo Blue PB15:3 is a structural variant of Phthalo Blue PB15 that produces more greenish tones.
Permanence
Phthalo Blues are completely lightfast and stable and are permanent for all paint uses. They are currently used in inks, coatings, and many plastics due to their stability and are considered a standard pigment in printing ink and the packaging industry.
Toxicity
Phthalo Blues have no significant hazards, although those made before 1982 contained some PCBs (polychlorinated biphenyls).
History
Developed by chemists using the trade name Monastral Blue, the organic blue dyestuff now known as Phthalo Blue was presented as a pigment in November 1935 in London. Its discovery was accidental. The dark color was observed in a kettle where a dye was being made from a British dyestuff plant. The demand for such a pigment came from commercial printers who wanted a cyan to replace Prussian Blue.
Alternate Names
Phthalo Blue Green Shade, Winsor Blue Green Shade
PG7—Phthalo Green
Pigment Type
organic
Chemical Name
polychlorinated copper(II) phthalocyanine
Chemical Formula
C32H3Cl13CuN8 to C32HCl15CuN8 or C32H16CuN8Cl15 (PG7) or C32Br6Cl10CuN8 (PG36)
Properties
Phthalo Green is a transparent, cool, bright, high intensity color used in oil and acrylics. It comes from a Phthalocyanine Blue pigment where most of the hydrogen atoms have been replaced with chlorine, forming highly stable molecules. It has similar pigment properties and permanence to Phthalo Blue. It is slow drying and an excellent base color for mixing a range of bright greens. Phthalo Green is considered a very good alternative to Viridian because it is intense and mixes well and can be used to emphasize mineral colors in various tints. However, its tinting strength is very high, so it can overpower other colors. This pigment most closely resembles the discontinued and toxic Verdigris.
Permanence
Phthalo Greens are completely lightfast and resistant to alkali, acids, solvents, heat, and ultraviolet radiation. They are currently used in inks, coatings, and many plastics due to their stability and are considered a standard pigment in printing ink and the packaging industry.
Toxicity
Phthalo Green has no significant hazards, but it contained PCBs (polychlorinated biphenyls) until 1982.
History
This bright blue-green was developed in 1935 and has been in use since 1938.
Alternate Names
Bocour Green, Cyan Green, Intense Green, Monastral Green, Phthalocyanine Green, Rembrandt Green, Thalo Green, Winsor Green.
PY153—Nickel Dioxine Yellow
Pigment Type
organic synthetic
Chemical Name
n/a
Chemical Formula
C28H12N2O2
Properties
Nickel dioxine yellow is a semi-transparent, lightly staining yellow pigment with high tinting strength, although less than that of the diarylides. It is considered a good color match for Indian
Yellow, a historic pigment that is no longer available. Drying time is average.
Permanence
Nickel Dioxine Yellow has excellent lightfastness.
Toxicity
Nickel metal is toxic and may irritate skin.
History
Unknown.
Alternate Names
Dioxine Yellow Nickel.
PBk6—Lamp Black
Pigment Type
inorganic
Chemical Name
carbon
Chemical Formula
C
Properties
Lamp black is a very opaque, heavily staining black pigment that does not have much covering power. It is typically the most opaque black in watercolor form. Though a very pure black, it tends to muddy slightly in mixtures, is one of the slowest drying pigments in oils, and should not be used under other colors.
Permanence
Lamp Black is very lightfast and absolutely permanent. It is used in all techniques in permanent painting.
Toxicity
Lamp Black is slightly toxic by skin contact and inhalation. It is a possible human carcinogen.
History
Lamp Black is a carbon based black traditionally produced by collecting soot (known as lampblack) from oil lamps. It is the black found in Egyptian murals and tomb decorations and was the most popular black for frescoing until the development of Mars Black.
Alternate Names
Carbon Black, Channel Black, Oil Black, Vegetable Black. Flame Black is an impure version of Lamp Black.
