Color Swatch created using heavy application/medium application/50% tint and was applied on acrylic primed canvas (7 oz) material.
This color contains the following pigments:
PR5—Naphthol Red
Pigment Type
monoazo
Chemical Name
n/a
Chemical Formula
C30H31ClN4O7S
Properties
This Naphthol Red is a bright deep red with bluish undertones. It has an average drying time.
Permanence
This Naphthol Red has fair to good lightfastness, not because of its masstone, but because it fades in tints. Not suitable for exterior use.
Toxicity
Naphthol Reds are not considered toxic. They may cause eye, skin, or respiratory irritation. Contact with dry pigment should be avoided.
History
Unknown.
Alternate Names
Naphthal, Naphthol Bordeaux, Naphthol Carbamide, Naphthol Carmine, Permanent Carmine, Permanent Red.
PW6—Titanium White
Pigment Type
inorganic
Chemical Name
titanium dioxide
Chemical Formula
TiO2
Properties
Titanium White is the most brilliant of the white pigments. It is considered an all purpose oil color useful in all techniques and the best all around white. Its masstone is neither warm nor cool, placing it somewhere between Lead White and Zinc White. It is less prone to cracking and yellowing than Lead White, but it still yellows easily. Titanium White dries slowly in oil form, more slowly than Lead White but more quickly than Zinc White. It is opaque in oil and acrylic forms and semi-opaque in watercolor form. This pigment has good chemical stability, and its tinting strength is superior to both Lead White and Zinc White.
Permanence
Titanium White has excellent permanence and lightfastness.
Toxicity
Titanium dioxide is highly stable and is regarded as completely non-toxic. Animal studies give no indiciation that it is absorbed biologically, even after long periods of exposure. The primary safety concern is with inhalation of fine pigment dust particles. Titanium White, if inhaled in large amounts over the course of several years, may cause a benign pneumoconiosis that is visible on x-rays. The National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) considers fine titanium dioxide particles, if inhaled, to be a human carcinogen. The primary concern for artists is to avoid exposure to fine particulate dust from raw pigments.
History
Titanium is the ninth most abundant element in the Earth's crust, however mineral deposits that are economical to mine are less common. Titanium dioxide was first discovered in 1821, although it could not be mass produced until 1919. Widespread use of the pigment began in the 1940s. Since that time, it has become the most commonly used white pigment. The name comes from the Latin word Titan, the name for the elder brother of Kronos and ancestor of the Titans, and from the Greek word tito, meaning day or sun.
Alternate Names
None.
PR3—Toluidine Red
Pigment Type
organic, monoazo
Chemical Name
n/a
Chemical Formula
n/a
Properties
Toluidine Red is a semi-opaque, yellowish red pigment with high tinting strength. .
Permanence
Toluidine Red has very good lightfastness.
Toxicity
Toluidine Red is not regarded as toxic.
History
Toluidine Red or Toluidine Scarlet has been used in inks, textiles, artist materials, and plastics.
Alternate Names
Eljon Red, Eljon Scarlet, Hansa Red, Hansa Scarlet, Kenalake Scarlet, Solintor Scarlet, Sunbrite Red
