Color Swatch created using heavy application/diluted application and was applied on cold press watercolor paper (150 lb) material.
This color contains the following pigments:
PB33—Manganese Blue
Pigment Type
inorganic
Chemical Name
barium manganate + barium sulfate
Chemical Formula
BaMnO4 + BaSO4
Properties
Manganese Blue is a brilliant, clear, semi-opaque to transparent blue pigment with a greenish undertone. Its saturation and texture varies across manufacturers.
Permanence
Manganese Blue has excellent lightfastness in watercolor form.
Toxicity
Manganese Blue can be highly toxic if inhaled or ingested, causing nervous system disorder.
History
Manganese compounds have been in use as pigments for more than 17,000 years. The Egyptians and Romans commonly used them in glass-making. The synthetic variation was officially patented in 1935, but neither the original nor the synthetic is commonly produced today, as Manganese Blue has been replaced on the artist’s palette by more intense blues. Most brands offer a Manganese Blue made from Phthalocyanine Blue. Appropriate substitutes in watercolor form are the rare Peacock Blue, Phthalocyanine Blue (Green), or Phthalocyanine Blue lightened by Zinc White.
Alternate Names
Cement Blue, Mineral Blue.
PV16—Manganese Violet
Pigment Type
inorganic
Chemical Name
manganese ammonium pyrophosphate
Chemical Formula
(NH4)2Mn2(P2O7)2 - Mn3(PO4)2 * 3H2O or H4O7P2H3NMn
Properties
Manganese Violet is a semi-transparent, bluish-violet pigment with a discrete opacity and low tinting strength. It is the reddest of the violets, and it covers and dries well in oil and tempera. It also performs well in pastel, encaustic, and watercolor. Manganese Violet is not well suited for fresco or acrylic painting. There can be significant differences in color across brands. It shares similar properties with bluish shades of Cobalt Violet.
Permanence
Manganese Violet has excellent permanence and lightfastness, and it is one of the most lightfast, balanced violets in watercolor form.
Toxicity
Manganese Violet is highly toxic if inhaled and moderately toxic if ingested.
History
This pigment was developed in 1868 by E. Leykauf to replace the more expensive Cobalt Violet. It was not offered as an artists’ pigment until 1890.
Alternate Names
Burgandy Violet, Mineral Violet, Nürnberg Violet, Permanent Violet.
